Pertanyaan:
- What is the difference between a virus, a worm, and ransomware?
- Describe the steps of a typical phishing attack. How can a business train its employees to spot one?
- Explain what a Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack is and how it impacts business availability?
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Bukti:
1. A virus, worm, and ransomware are all types of malicious software, but they behave differently. A virus attaches itself to a legitimate file or program and spreads when the file is opened, often requiring user action. A worm spreads automatically across networks without needing user interaction, making it faster and more dangerous in terms of propagation. Ransomware, on the other hand, is designed to lock or encrypt a victim’s data and demand payment to restore access, focusing more on financial extortion than spreading.
2. A typical phishing attack usually starts with an attacker sending a fake email or message that looks like it comes from a trusted source, such as a bank or company. The message often creates urgency, asking the victim to click a link or download an attachment. Once clicked, the victim is taken to a fake website or unknowingly installs malware, leading to stolen login credentials or data. Businesses can train employees to spot phishing by teaching them to check suspicious email addresses, avoid clicking unknown links, verify requests for sensitive information, and report unusual messages. Regular awareness training and simulated phishing tests can also help employees stay alert.
3. A Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack occurs when multiple systems flood a target server or website with excessive traffic, overwhelming it and causing it to slow down or crash. This directly impacts availability, as legitimate users are unable to access the service. For a business, this can lead to lost sales, damaged reputation, and decreased customer trust, especially if the downtime lasts for an extended period.